This type of planning is typically used for greenfield development projects, or building on undeveloped land. Instead of modifying pre-existing structures or spaces, it all starts from scratch. 

Master planning envisions a future state for a given space, and what it will take to achieve that vision. Urban planners consider the required zoning and infrastructure to make the project possible, such as residential and commercial land, transportation considerations, road locations; as well as urban amenities such as community facilities, schools, parks etc.